War and Military Atlas

How Battles Were Fought
Armed Forces and Units

Roman Legion

Ancient, Roman Republic

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The Roman legion was the largest military unit of the Roman army, composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries. In the late Republic and much of the imperial period a legion was organized into ten cohorts of six centuries each, with a full-strength legion numbering around 4,800 legionaries, though Julius Caesar's own legions during his campaign in Gaul often numbered only around 3,500 men.

Facts
Disputed
Founded Year
107 BCE 1
The Roman legion as a standing professional formation is usually dated to the Marian reforms of 107 BC; earlier Republican legions existed as citizen levies raised for individual campaigns rather than permanent units, so an earlier founding date is defensible depending on which institution is meant.
Force Type
Standing citizen-levy heavy infantry army organized in cohorts and centuries (legions) 1
Country
Roman Republic 1
Cross-Tradition Connections

Associated With

Devised and directed personally by the dictator Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus rather than by the legion as an institution; contemporary opposition to it is recorded in the dissent below.

Source Wikipedia: Gladius
Pilum, Weapons Systems

The Roman Legion is the standing force that fought under this tactical system.

Fought In

Gallic Wars, Wars
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Roman legion
WikipediaOpening paragraph and Size section
Quote, Opening paragraph and Size section
The Roman legion was the largest military unit of the Roman army, composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries...Julius Caesar's legions during his campaign in Gaul often only had around 3,500 men.
View the Source
1. Wikipedia: Roman legion
WikipediaSize sectionView the Source
1. Wikipedia: Roman legion
WikipediaLate Republic sectionView the Source
1. Wikipedia: Roman legion
WikipediaFought In: Gallic WarsView the Source
1. Wikipedia: Roman legion
WikipediaAssociated With: Roman Legion Tactics (Manipular and Cohort System)View the Source
Wikipedia: Gladius
WikipediaAssociated With: GladiusView the Source
Wikipedia: Fabian strategy
WikipediaAssociated With: Fabian StrategyView the Source
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